{"id":1053,"date":"2021-06-10T08:54:51","date_gmt":"2021-06-10T01:54:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/matphot.com\/?p=1053"},"modified":"2024-01-08T16:51:45","modified_gmt":"2024-01-08T09:51:45","slug":"nhung-dieu-can-biet-ve-ngon-ngu-tieng-duc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/matphot.com\/nhung-dieu-can-biet-ve-ngon-ngu-tieng-duc.html","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ee9c (ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c: Deutschland, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m [\u02c8d\u0254jt\u0283lant]), t\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u1ee9c (ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u1edf v\u00f9ng Trung \u00c2u. Qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n li\u00ean bang bao g\u1ed3m 16 bang. \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00e0 357.022 km\u00b2 v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu theo m\u00f9a, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 \u00f4n h\u00f2a. D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 83 tri\u1ec7u, l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ee9 hai \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (sau Nga). \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 cao th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 sau Hoa K\u1ef3, theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u0103m 2014. Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Berlin. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 Hamburg, M\u00fcnchen, K\u00f6ln, Frankfurt, Stuttgart v\u00e0 D\u00fcsseldorf. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u01b0u \u00e1i ban t\u1eb7ng cho nh\u1eefng khung c\u1ea3nh xinh \u0111\u1eb9p n\u00ean th\u01a1 ho\u00e0 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i nguy nga tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7. C\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i s\u1ea3n sinh ra bi\u1ebft bao thi\u00ean t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i hay nh\u01b0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebft bao nh\u00e0 thi ca n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

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V\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ee9c n\u1eb1m trong Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng chung ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 500 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean EU v\u00e0 theo ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt EU. \u0110\u1ee9c cho l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n chung ch\u00e2u \u00c2u Euro v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2002. \u0110\u1ee9c n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng Euro \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho kho\u1ea3ng 338 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i Frankfurt, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4 t\u00f4 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 n\u1eb1m v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 xe c\u1ed9, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, cao su v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo (2015).<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m qua v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n ho\u00e1, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m\u2026 gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 thu h\u00fat r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c. V\u1eady, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc xinh \u0111\u1eb9p n\u00e0y, mu\u1ed1n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u0103n ho\u00e1, mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c th\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eebng ng\u1ea1i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc cho m\u00ecnh. V\u00ec h\u1ecdc Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n tr\u1ebb hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

I. KH\u00c1I QU\u00c1T NG\u00c0NH NG\u00d4N NG\u1eee TI\u1ebeNG \u0110\u1ee8C<\/h2>\n

1.1. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0nh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

Nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 10 n\u0103m thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quan h\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam – \u0110\u1ee9c (2011 – 2021) v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao hai n\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u00e0y 16\/4\/2021, Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ngo\u1ea1i giao T\u00f4 Anh D\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng Qu\u1ed1c V\u1ee5 khanh B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao \u0110\u1ee9c Miguel Berger ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp Nh\u00f3m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam – \u0110\u1ee9c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 6 theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp, Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng T\u00f4 Anh D\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam sau \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 13, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t – \u0110\u1ee9c. Qu\u1ed1c V\u1ee5 khanh Miguel Berger ch\u00fac m\u1eebng Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 13, ca ng\u1ee3i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch COVID-19, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh coi tr\u1ecdng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong tri\u1ec3n khai \u0110\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 D\u01b0\u01a1ng – Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng qua v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9\/2020.<\/p>\n

Hai b\u00ean nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 quan h\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam – \u0110\u1ee9c, d\u00f9 ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19, v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c – \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, khoa h\u1ecdc – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, an ninh – qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng\u2026<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n n\u1eefa quan h\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam – \u0110\u1ee9c trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi, hai b\u00ean nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean nh\u01b0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb – ngo\u1ea1i giao, an ninh – qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1\u2026<\/p>\n

N\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu th\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay, ng\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 H\u00e0 n\u1ed9i ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u00e0nh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m ng\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0110\u1ee9c tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0: Kinh t\u1ebf, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, du l\u1ecbch, ngo\u1ea1i giao, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, phong t\u1ee5c t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, giao ti\u1ebfp\u2026 N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ng\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ho\u00e1, b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chung s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau.<\/p>\n

1.2. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c (Deutsch [\u02c8d\u0254\u028ft\u0283]) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef German T\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i Trung \u00c2u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c, \u00c1o, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, Nam Tyrol (\u00dd), c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i B\u1ec9, v\u00e0 Liechtenstein; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Luxembourg v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Opolskie c\u1ee7a Ba Lan. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng German g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef German T\u00e2y kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng Afrikaans, ti\u1ebfng H\u00e0 Lan, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef German ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec, ch\u1ec9 sau ti\u1ebfng Anh.
\nL\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef “l\u1edbn” tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 95 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n ng\u1eef tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n ng\u1eef l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 ba t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 Hoa K\u1ef3 (sau ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p) v\u00e0 EU (sau ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p), ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ba tr\u00ean World Wide Web (sau ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Nga). C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (g\u1ed3m e-book) ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

\u0110a ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c German. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Latinh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00edt t\u1eeb h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nhau (ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n \u0110\u1ee9c, ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n \u00c1o, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n Th\u1ee5y S\u0129), ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111a t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng Anh, ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef l\u1edbn, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Do s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u “ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef” v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec3u th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t “ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef” v\u00e0 “ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef”, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng hay nh\u00f3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c (nh\u01b0 H\u1ea1 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Plautdietsch) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 “ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef” v\u00e0 “ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef”.<\/p>\n

1.3 Ng\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a hai n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c \u2013 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ee9c \u2013 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t, thu nh\u1eadp cao d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u00e0nh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c d\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o s\u1ebd trang b\u1ecb cho sinh vi\u00ean nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau:<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1: Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u2013 nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u0103n ho\u00e1 -v\u0103n minh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c<\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o 4 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng Nghe \u2013 n\u00f3i – \u0111\u1ecdc -vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9\u2026 m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef ph\u1ee5 ti\u1ebfng Anh theo chu\u1ea9n tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfng, th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o trong giao ti\u1ebfp, bi\u00ean \u2013 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng giao ti\u1ebfp, \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng giao d\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c\u2026<\/p>\n

III. M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P H\u1eccC TI\u1ebeNG \u0110\u1ee8C HI\u1ec6U QU\u1ea2<\/h2>\n

D\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp hay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

3.1. Kh\u01a1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/h2>\n

H\u00e3y th\u1eed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 tin, tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng? H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mong mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n? T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xem n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 tin giao ti\u1ebfp, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0110\u1ee9c hay c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p sao?<\/p>\n

3.2. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, trau d\u1ed3i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ef1c k\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. H\u00e3y th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c, kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch \u0110\u1ee9c hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp, x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 xem nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ca nh\u1ea1c, phim truy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nghe v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n

3.3. Ki\u00ean tr\u00ec h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch vi\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec. Ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp theo h\u00e3y t\u0103ng th\u00eam hai \u0111\u1ebfn ba gi\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ea1n d\u00e0nh ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00edch l\u0169y th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean n\u00ean b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng nh\u00e9. H\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c c\u1ea3 hai th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c – Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

3.4. \u0110\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u, vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u<\/h3>\n

H\u00e3y ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u, d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u00e2ng cao v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb ng\u1eef cho b\u1ea1n. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng th\u00eam kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ghi nh\u1edb v\u00ec s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n nh\u1edb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch gi\u00fap t\u0103ng th\u00eam kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n sao cho \u0111\u00fang ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a, ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, c\u00e2u v\u0103n, ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb trau tru\u1ed1t v\u00e0 hay h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u c\u0169ng l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, n\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb m\u1edbi th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft ra s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, ghi nh\u1edb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c. V\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n song song c\u1ea3 hai k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

3.5. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n<\/h3>\n

Ch\u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i khi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u00f4n n\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Thay v\u00ec ng\u1ed3i h\u1ecdc l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft trong nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch d\u00e0y c\u1ed9p th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c nghe v\u00e0 xem c\u00e1c clip v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c qua youtube, ra ngo\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c,… H\u00e3y thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00fa v\u1ecb h\u01a1n.
\n3.6. R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n t\u00ednh c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, ki\u00ean tr\u00ec<\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb. C\u1ea9n th\u1eadn ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch, t\u1eeb c\u00e2u v\u0103n, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef, \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5, n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c \u00fd ch\u00ednh trong b\u00e0i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \u1ea5y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, ngo\u00e0i ra b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef, t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c<\/p>\n

3.6. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/h3>\n

D\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp hay m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i d\u1ecbch th\u00ec \u0111\u1eebng ng\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Ch\u1ec9 khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, khi d\u1ecbch r\u1ed3i m\u00ecnh m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i sai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1eebng t\u1ef1 ti, h\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y c\u00f4, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

3.7. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng<\/h3>\n

T\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa, vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. V\u1ed1n t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec c\u00e0ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n tra c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb, n\u00ean t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nhanh h\u01a1n, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

IV. TRI\u1ec2N V\u1eccNG VI\u1ec6C L\u00c0M CHO C\u1eec NH\u00c2N NG\u00c0NH NG\u00d4N NG\u1eee TI\u1ebeNG \u0110\u1ee8C<\/h2>\n

2.1. L\u00e0m bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch<\/h3>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, khi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty hay c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch vi\u00ean s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n , m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ecbch song song hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ee9c sang Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

2.2. L\u00e0m gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1eebng d\u1eadp khu\u00f4n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, \u00f4n thi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 DSH, Test DaF, DSD\u2026m\u1ecdc l\u00ean nh\u01b0 \u201cn\u1ea5m\u201d. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1edbp t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y, nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

2.3. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean du l\u1ecbch<\/h3>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch \u0110\u01b0c \u0111\u1ebfn du l\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty du l\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y n\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u tuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn tour cho kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Nam sang \u0110\u1ee9c tham quan. V\u00e0 d\u00f9 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean theo chi\u1ec1u n\u00e0o, th\u00ec m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5p, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n

2.4. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u00f3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0110\u1ee9c. V\u1eady n\u00ean n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n xin v\u00e0o l\u00e0m t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u1ee9c, ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7, ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

2.5. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c<\/h3>\n

– Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 trong c\u00f4ng ty doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c;
\n– L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam;
\n– Tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i, th\u01b0 k\u00fd v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan Ngo\u1ea1i giao, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c\u2026<\/p>\n

V. \u0110I\u1ec2M N\u1ed4I B\u1eacT H\u1eccC NG\u00d4N NG\u1eee TI\u1ebeNG \u0110\u1ee8C T\u1ea0I TR\u01af\u1edcNG CAO \u0110\u1eb2NG NGO\u1ea0I NG\u1eee V\u00c0 C\u00d4NG NGH\u1ec6 H\u00c0 N\u1ed8I<\/h2>\n

V\u1edbi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c kh\u1ed1i ng\u00e0nh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef – v\u0103n ho\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, kh\u1ed1i ng\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 du l\u1ecbch, kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng, k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin\u2026\u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong xu th\u1ebf h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c cho chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ngo\u00e0i ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng theo c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e3 ng\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ngo\u00e0i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: Ti\u1ebfng Anh, ti\u1ebfng Trung, ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, ti\u1ebfng H\u00e0n\u2026\u0111\u1ec3 sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u00eam cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef n\u1eefa khi c\u00f2n ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u1edbi xu th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 2 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf xin vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp cao v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p sau n\u00e0y khi ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

-Ngo\u00e0i ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u00e3 ng\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 l\u1eef h\u00e0nh, Kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng, K\u1ebf to\u00e1n, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin\u2026\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n sinh vi\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u00eam cho m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eeba th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng v\u1eeba gi\u1ecfi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang khan hi\u1ebfm\u2026<\/p>\n

– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 sinh vi\u00ean giao l\u01b0u, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u0103n ho\u00e1, li\u00ean v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh theo h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

– V\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m l\u1ea5y\u201d ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m\u201d n\u00ean nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ec3 sinh vi\u00ean ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eeba c\u00f3 t\u00e2m v\u1eeba c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c th\u00ed sinh, sinh vi\u00ean y\u00eau th\u00edch ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0110\u1ee9c mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u01b0\u1ea1 ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p theo xu th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin xin li\u00ean h\u1ec7:<\/h2>\n
\n

Ph\u00f2ng Tuy\u1ec3n sinh v\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng – Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/strong> – S\u1ed1 1, Ph\u1ed1 Ki\u1ec1u Mai, Ph\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00fac Di\u1ec5n, Qu\u1eadn B\u1eafc T\u1eeb Li\u00eam, TP H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110T\/Zalo: (024)2233.6262 – 0982865962<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Website: matphot.com<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Facebook ch\u00ednh: fb.com\/ngoainguvacongnghehn<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Th\u00ed sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed9p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1t nhanh h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean. Th\u00ed sinh c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, th\u00ed sinh li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\n \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ee9c (ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c: Deutschland, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m [\u02c8d\u0254jt\u0283lant]), t\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u1ee9c (ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u1edf v\u00f9ng Trung \u00c2u. Qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n li\u00ean bang bao g\u1ed3m 16 […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1054,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,14,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cao-dang-tieng-duc","category-huong-nghiep","category-tin-tuc-su-kien"],"yoast_head":"\nNh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0110\u1ee9c (ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c: Deutschland, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m ), t\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u1ee9c (ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia 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